![]() Extreme caution is recommended in tanned or darker-skinned patients, as the laser can also destroy melanin, resulting in white patches of skin ( leukoderma).Nd:YAG laser is generally ineffective for light-coloured (blonde/grey) hair, but effective for treating dark (brown/black) hair in patients of Fitzpatrick types I to III, and perhaps light-coloured type IV skin.Nd:YAG laser may be used for hair removal in any location including underarms, bikini line, face, neck, back, chest and legs.Light pulses target melanin at variable depth on or in the skin. Nd:YAG laser can be used to remove brown age spots ( solar lentigines), freckles, naevus of Ota, naevus of Ito, lumbosacral melanocytosis, Hori naevus, and café-au-lait- macules.Typical settings employed for the treatment of facial veins include a 50 milliseconds pulse duration, and fluence (ie output energy) of 150¬250 J/cm 2 (measured in Joules per centimetre squared). The laser light pulses target red pigment ( haemoglobin). Vascular birthmark ( capillary vascular malformation).Spider and thread veins in the face (cheek, temporal region, nasal dorsum, forehead) and legs.The following skin disorders can be treated with Nd:YAG laser beams. Lasers work by emitting a wavelength of high energy light, which when focused on a certain skin condition will create heat and destroy diseased cells. Q-switching refers to the technique of making the laser produce a high-intensity beam in very short pulses In Q-switched mode, Nd:YAG produces 2 wavelengths, one in the infrared range (1064 nm) and the second beam of 532 nm wavelength which is useful for superficial skin lesions.Nd:YAG laser has a wavelength of 1064 nm and has the capability to reach deeper layers of skin tissue than other types of lasers.The neodymium ion provides the laser activity in the crystal.a substance added in minute amounts to another pure substance to alter its conductivity), typically replaces a small fraction of the yttrium ions in the host crystal structure, since the two ions are of similar size. The triply ionised neodymium dopant (i.e.Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) is a crystal that is used as a laser medium for solid-state lasers.Each of the different types of lasers has a specific range of utility, depending on its wavelength and penetration. Various kinds of lasers are available they are differentiated by the medium that produces the laser beam. Wavelength is measured in nanometres (nm). A laser works by emitting a wavelength of high energy light, which when focused on a certain skin condition creates heat and destroys diseased cells. ![]() The acronym ‘ LASER’ stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
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